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1 kg ice at -10^(@)C is mixed with 0.1 k...

`1 kg` ice at `-10^(@)C` is mixed with `0.1 kg` of steam at `200^(@)C`. If final temperature of mixture at equilibrium is `T_(eq)=(58x)/11`, then fill the vallue of `x`
Latent heat of fusion of ice `=80` cal/gram, latent heat of vaporization of water `=540` cal/gram, specific heat capacity of ice `~=` specific heat of water `=0.5` cal/gram-K`

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To solve the problem of mixing `1 kg` of ice at `-10°C` with `0.1 kg` of steam at `200°C`, we need to consider the heat exchange that occurs during the process until thermal equilibrium is reached. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Heat Required to Raise the Temperature of Ice to 0°C:** The specific heat capacity of ice is given as `0.5 cal/gm-K`. To raise `1 kg` (or `1000 g`) of ice from `-10°C` to `0°C`, the heat required (Q1) can be calculated using the formula: \[ Q_1 = m \cdot c \cdot \Delta T \] where: - \( m = 1000 \, \text{g} \) - \( c = 0.5 \, \text{cal/gm-K} \) - \( \Delta T = 10 \, \text{K} \) (from `-10°C` to `0°C`) Substituting the values: \[ Q_1 = 1000 \cdot 0.5 \cdot 10 = 5000 \, \text{cal} \] 2. **Identify the Heat Required to Melt the Ice:** The latent heat of fusion of ice is `80 cal/g`. To melt `1 kg` of ice: \[ Q_2 = m \cdot L_f \] where: - \( L_f = 80 \, \text{cal/g} \) Substituting the values: \[ Q_2 = 1000 \cdot 80 = 80000 \, \text{cal} \] 3. **Identify the Heat Released by Steam as it Condenses:** The latent heat of vaporization of water is `540 cal/g`. For `0.1 kg` (or `100 g`) of steam: \[ Q_3 = m \cdot L_v \] where: - \( L_v = 540 \, \text{cal/g} \) Substituting the values: \[ Q_3 = 100 \cdot 540 = 54000 \, \text{cal} \] 4. **Identify the Heat Released by Water as it Cools to Final Temperature:** After condensing, the steam becomes water at `100°C`. The heat released by this water when it cools down to the equilibrium temperature \( T_{eq} \) can be calculated as: \[ Q_4 = m \cdot c \cdot (100 - T_{eq}) \] where: - \( m = 100 \, \text{g} \) - \( c = 0.5 \, \text{cal/gm-K} \) Substituting the values: \[ Q_4 = 100 \cdot 0.5 \cdot (100 - T_{eq}) = 50(100 - T_{eq}) \, \text{cal} \] 5. **Set Up the Heat Balance Equation:** The heat gained by the ice (to raise its temperature and melt) should equal the heat lost by the steam (to condense and cool): \[ Q_1 + Q_2 = Q_3 + Q_4 \] Substituting the values we calculated: \[ 5000 + 80000 = 54000 + 50(100 - T_{eq}) \] Simplifying: \[ 85000 = 54000 + 5000 - 50T_{eq} \] \[ 85000 - 54000 - 5000 = -50T_{eq} \] \[ 30000 = -50T_{eq} \] \[ T_{eq} = \frac{30000}{50} = 600 \, \text{K} \] 6. **Convert to Celsius:** Since \( T_{eq} \) is in Celsius: \[ T_{eq} = 600 - 273.15 \approx 58.0 \, °C \] 7. **Find the Value of x:** Given \( T_{eq} = \frac{58x}{11} \): \[ 58 = \frac{58x}{11} \] Solving for \( x \): \[ x = 11 \] ### Final Answer: The value of \( x \) is **11**.

To solve the problem of mixing `1 kg` of ice at `-10°C` with `0.1 kg` of steam at `200°C`, we need to consider the heat exchange that occurs during the process until thermal equilibrium is reached. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Heat Required to Raise the Temperature of Ice to 0°C:** The specific heat capacity of ice is given as `0.5 cal/gm-K`. To raise `1 kg` (or `1000 g`) of ice from `-10°C` to `0°C`, the heat required (Q1) can be calculated using the formula: \[ ...
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