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A line divides an equilateral triangle A...

A line divides an equilateral triangle `ABC` of side 1 unit into two parts with same perimeter and different are `S_(1)` and `S_(2)` sq. units. If maximum value of `(S_(1))/(S_(2))=m/n` (where `m` and `n` coprime), then `|m-n|` is _____

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To solve the problem, we need to find the maximum value of the ratio \( \frac{S_1}{S_2} \) where \( S_1 \) and \( S_2 \) are the areas of two parts of an equilateral triangle divided by a line, and both parts have the same perimeter. ### Step-by-step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Triangle**: - Let \( ABC \) be an equilateral triangle with side length 1 unit. The total area \( S_3 \) of triangle \( ABC \) is given by the formula: \[ S_3 = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \times (1^2) = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \text{ square units.} \] 2. **Dividing the Triangle**: - A line divides the triangle into two parts \( S_1 \) and \( S_2 \) such that both parts have the same perimeter. Let the lengths of the segments created by the division be \( x \), \( y \), and \( z \) for the respective sides. 3. **Setting Up the Perimeter Condition**: - The perimeter of the triangle is 3 units. The perimeters of the two parts can be expressed as: \[ P_1 = x + y + z \quad \text{and} \quad P_2 = (1 - x) + (1 - y) + z. \] - Setting these equal gives: \[ x + y + z = 2 - (x + y) \implies 2(x + y) + z = 2. \] - Rearranging gives: \[ x + y = \frac{3}{2}. \] 4. **Finding Areas**: - The area \( S_1 \) can be expressed using the formula for the area of a triangle: \[ S_1 = \frac{1}{2} \times x \times y \times \sin(60^\circ) = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} xy. \] - Since \( S_2 = S_3 - S_1 \), we have: \[ S_2 = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} - S_1. \] 5. **Maximizing the Ratio**: - We want to maximize the ratio: \[ \frac{S_1}{S_2} = \frac{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} xy}{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} - \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} xy} = \frac{xy}{1 - xy}. \] - Let \( k = xy \). From the earlier step, we know \( x + y = \frac{3}{2} \). By the AM-GM inequality: \[ \frac{x + y}{2} \geq \sqrt{xy} \implies \left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2 \geq k \implies k \leq \frac{9}{16}. \] 6. **Finding Maximum Value**: - The maximum value of \( \frac{S_1}{S_2} \) occurs when \( k = \frac{9}{16} \): \[ \frac{S_1}{S_2} = \frac{\frac{9}{16}}{1 - \frac{9}{16}} = \frac{\frac{9}{16}}{\frac{7}{16}} = \frac{9}{7}. \] 7. **Final Calculation**: - Here, \( m = 9 \) and \( n = 7 \) are coprime. We need to find \( |m - n| \): \[ |m - n| = |9 - 7| = 2. \] ### Final Answer: The value of \( |m - n| \) is **2**.

To solve the problem, we need to find the maximum value of the ratio \( \frac{S_1}{S_2} \) where \( S_1 \) and \( S_2 \) are the areas of two parts of an equilateral triangle divided by a line, and both parts have the same perimeter. ### Step-by-step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Triangle**: - Let \( ABC \) be an equilateral triangle with side length 1 unit. The total area \( S_3 \) of triangle \( ABC \) is given by the formula: \[ S_3 = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \times (1^2) = \frac{\sqrt{3}}{4} \text{ square units.} ...
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