State two applications of ultraviolet radiation.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Ultraviolet Radiation**:
- Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays. It is found naturally in sunlight and can also be produced artificially in laboratories.

2. **Application 1 - Determining the Structure of Compounds**:
- One significant application of ultraviolet radiation is in the field of chemistry and materials science. Scientists use UV radiation to analyze and determine the structure of various chemical compounds. When UV light is directed at a compound, it can cause electronic transitions that provide information about the molecular structure. This is particularly useful for identifying new compounds or studying the properties of known substances.

3. **Application 2 - Sterilization and Preservation**:
- Another important application of ultraviolet radiation is its ability to inactivate bacteria and other microorganisms. This property makes UV radiation an effective tool for sterilization. It is commonly used to sterilize surgical instruments and to preserve foodstuffs by eliminating harmful pathogens. UV light can be used in water purification systems and in various medical applications to ensure hygiene and safety.

### Final Answer:
1. Ultraviolet radiation is used to determine the structure of chemical compounds.
2. Ultraviolet radiation is used to sterilize surgical instruments and preserve food by inactivating bacteria and microorganisms.

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