Magnesium obtained by the electrolysis of fused `MgCl_(2)` using

Options

A. a nickel cathode and graphite anode
B. a nickel container as cathode and an iron anode
C. an iron container as cathode and graphite anode
D. a lead cathode and a platinum anode

Answer

To solve the question regarding the electrolysis of fused MgCl₂ and the materials used for the cathode and anode, we can break down the process step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Electrolysis Process**:
- Electrolysis involves the breakdown of a compound into its elements using electricity. In the case of fused MgCl₂, we are interested in the production of magnesium (Mg) and chlorine (Cl₂).

2. **Identify the Electrolyte**:
- The electrolyte here is fused magnesium chloride (MgCl₂). When melted, MgCl₂ dissociates into magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) and chloride ions (Cl⁻).

3. **Determine the Reactions at the Electrodes**:
- At the cathode (negative electrode), reduction occurs. The magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) gain electrons to form magnesium metal:
\[ \text{Mg}^{2+} + 2e^- \rightarrow \text{Mg} \]
- At the anode (positive electrode), oxidation occurs. The chloride ions (Cl⁻) lose electrons to form chlorine gas:
\[ 2\text{Cl}^- \rightarrow \text{Cl}_2 + 2e^- \]

4. **Select Appropriate Materials for Electrodes**:
- The materials used for the electrodes must be able to withstand the conditions of electrolysis and not react with the products formed.
- Common choices for electrodes in this process include:
- Cathode: Iron container (which can act as a cathode).
- Anode: Graphite (which is stable and can be used as an anode).

5. **Evaluate the Options Given**:
- Option A: Nickel cathode and graphite anode
- Option B: Nickel container as cathode and iron anode
- Option C: Iron container as cathode and graphite anode
- Option D: Lead cathode and platinum anode
- Based on the analysis, the most suitable option is **Option C: Iron container as cathode and graphite anode**.

### Final Answer:
Magnesium is obtained by the electrolysis of fused MgCl₂ using an **iron container as cathode and graphite anode** (Option C).

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