Optically active tert alkyl halide given below on hydrolysis gives recemic mixture. Soparation of (d) and (l) form from the recemic mixture is known as resultuion.
`C_(6)H_(5)-overset(C_(6)H_(13)) overset(|)underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(C)-Br overset(HOH)toC_(6)H_(5)C-overset(C_(6)H_(13)) overset(|)underset((X))underset(CH_(3))underset(|)C-OH+HO-overset(C_(6)H_(13)) overset(|) underset((Y))underset(CH_(3)) underset(|)C-C_(6)H_(5)`
Which of these statements are correct for the given reaction ?
1 Reaction intermediate is carboncation
(2) Product formation takes place by formation of TS.
(3) There is inversion as well as retention of configuration
(4) Reaction is known as hydrolysis, i.e, solvolysis. Of these statements

Options

A. 1, 3 and 4 are correct
B. 1, 2 and 3 are correct
C. 3 and 4 are correct
D. 1 and 4 are correct

Answer

To solve the problem, we need to analyze the hydrolysis of the given optically active tert-alkyl halide and determine the correctness of the provided statements based on the reaction mechanism involved.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Compound**: The compound is a tertiary alkyl bromide, which means it has a carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms and a bromine atom.

2. **Mechanism of Reaction**: Tertiary alkyl halides typically undergo hydrolysis through the SN1 mechanism due to steric hindrance. In this mechanism, the first step involves the formation of a carbocation after the leaving group (Br) departs.

3. **Formation of Carbocation**: When the bromine atom leaves, it forms a stable tertiary carbocation. This is the intermediate in the SN1 reaction.

4. **Nucleophilic Attack**: Water acts as the nucleophile in this reaction. It can attack the carbocation from either side, leading to the formation of both enantiomers (D and L forms), resulting in a racemic mixture.

5. **Inversion and Retention of Configuration**: Since the nucleophile can attack from both sides of the planar carbocation, there is both inversion of configuration (when the nucleophile attacks from the opposite side of the leaving group) and retention of configuration (when it attacks from the same side).

6. **Classification of the Reaction**: The reaction is classified as hydrolysis or solvolysis because water is acting as the solvent and the nucleophile.

7. **Evaluate the Statements**:
- **Statement 1**: "Reaction intermediate is carbocation." - **Correct** (as it follows the SN1 mechanism).
- **Statement 2**: "Product formation takes place by formation of TS." - **Incorrect** (the product is formed from a carbocation, not a transition state).
- **Statement 3**: "There is inversion as well as retention of configuration." - **Correct** (due to the nature of the nucleophilic attack).
- **Statement 4**: "Reaction is known as hydrolysis, i.e., solvolysis." - **Correct** (because water is both the solvent and the nucleophile).

8. **Conclusion**: The correct statements are 1, 3, and 4. Therefore, the answer is option number A.

### Summary of Correct Statements:
- 1: Correct (Carbocation is the intermediate)
- 2: Incorrect (No transition state involved in SN1)
- 3: Correct (Inversion and retention occur)
- 4: Correct (Reaction is hydrolysis/solvolysis)