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(a) Give S(N)2 and S(N)1 mechanisms for ...

(a) Give `S_(N)2` and `S_(N)1` mechanisms for the cleavage of ethers with Hl.
(b) Why does `S_(N)2` cleavage occur at a faster rate with Hl than with HCl?

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### Step-by-Step Solution: #### (a) SN2 and SN1 Mechanisms for the Cleavage of Ethers with HI 1. **SN2 Mechanism**: - Start with a diethyl ether (R-O-R'). - Add HI, which is a strong acid. The ether oxygen gets protonated to form an oxonium ion (R-OH₂⁺). - The iodide ion (I⁻) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbon atom bonded to the ether oxygen from the opposite side (backside attack). ...
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