Which statements are correct in the case of acetaldehyde and acetone ?

Options

A. Both react with hydroxylamine
B. Both react with `NaHSO_(3)`
C. Both react with hydrazine
D. Both reduce ammoniacal silver nitrate

Answer

To determine which statements are correct regarding acetaldehyde and acetone, we will analyze each statement based on their chemical properties and reactions.

### Step-by-Step Solution

1. **Identify the Compounds:**
- Acetaldehyde (C₂H₄O) is an aldehyde with the structure CH₃CHO.
- Acetone (C₃H₆O) is a ketone with the structure CH₃COCH₃.

2. **Evaluate the First Statement:**
- **Statement:** Both react with hydroxyl amine.
- **Analysis:** Both acetaldehyde and acetone contain a carbonyl group (C=O). Hydroxyl amine (NH₂OH) reacts with carbonyl compounds through nucleophilic addition, forming oximes. Therefore, both compounds will react with hydroxyl amine.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

3. **Evaluate the Second Statement:**
- **Statement:** Both react with sodium bisulfite (NaHSO₃).
- **Analysis:** Sodium bisulfite reacts with aldehydes and methyl ketones to form bisulfite addition products. Acetaldehyde is an aldehyde, and acetone is a methyl ketone. Both will react with sodium bisulfite.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

4. **Evaluate the Third Statement:**
- **Statement:** Both react with hydrogen (H₂).
- **Analysis:** Both acetaldehyde and acetone can undergo reduction reactions where they react with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst (like palladium or platinum) to form alcohols. Thus, both will react with hydrogen.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

5. **Evaluate the Fourth Statement:**
- **Statement:** Both reduce ammoniacal silver nitrate (Tollens' reagent).
- **Analysis:** Tollens' reagent reacts with aldehydes and alpha-hydroxy ketones. Acetaldehyde, being an aldehyde, will reduce Tollens' reagent, but acetone, being a ketone, will not react with it. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

### Final Summary of Correct Statements:
- The correct statements regarding acetaldehyde and acetone are:
- Statement 1: Correct
- Statement 2: Correct
- Statement 3: Correct
- Statement 4: Incorrect

Thus, the correct answers are statements 1, 2, and 3.