Which of the following are hydroxyl acid .

Options

A. Lactic acid
B. Tartaric acid
C. Citric acid
D. Succinic acid

Answer

To determine which of the given compounds are hydroxyl acids, we need to identify those that contain both a carboxylic acid group (–COOH) and a hydroxyl group (–OH). Let's analyze each compound step by step.

### Step 1: Understand the Definition of Hydroxyl Acid
A hydroxyl acid is defined as a compound that contains both a hydroxyl group (–OH) and a carboxylic acid group (–COOH).

### Step 2: Analyze Each Compound
1. **Lactic Acid**:
- Structure: CH₃–CHOH–COOH
- Contains:
- Carboxylic acid group (–COOH)
- Hydroxyl group (–OH)
- Conclusion: Lactic acid is a hydroxyl acid.

2. **Tartaric Acid**:
- Structure: HOOC–CHOH–CHOH–COOH
- Contains:
- Two carboxylic acid groups (–COOH)
- Two hydroxyl groups (–OH)
- Conclusion: Tartaric acid is a hydroxyl acid.

3. **Citric Acid**:
- Structure: HOOC–CH₂–COOH–CH₂–COOH
- Contains:
- Three carboxylic acid groups (–COOH)
- One hydroxyl group (–OH)
- Conclusion: Citric acid is a hydroxyl acid.

4. **Succinic Acid**:
- Structure: HOOC–CH₂–CH₂–COOH
- Contains:
- Two carboxylic acid groups (–COOH)
- No hydroxyl group (–OH)
- Conclusion: Succinic acid is not a hydroxyl acid.

### Step 3: Final Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- **Lactic Acid**: Hydroxyl acid
- **Tartaric Acid**: Hydroxyl acid
- **Citric Acid**: Hydroxyl acid
- **Succinic Acid**: Not a hydroxyl acid

Thus, the hydroxyl acids among the given options are **lactic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid**.