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What is leaching ? Explain with the help...

What is leaching ? Explain with the help of an example.

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Leaching is a process in which powdered ore is treated with suitable reagents like acids , bases or chemical compounds. Powdered ore is soluble whereas impurities remain insoluble in it. These undissolved impurities can be removed by filtration.
For example, powdered ore of aluminium is leached with concentrated. NaOH solution. `Al_2O_3` in this solution forms soluble sodium meta aluminate. Undissolved impurities are removed by filtration.
Then the filtrate is diluted with water. On agitation (shaking) aluminimum hydroxide will be formed.
`underset("Impure")(Al_2O_3) + 2NaOH to underset("Sod. meta aluminate")(2Na AlO_2 + H_2O)`
`NaAlO_2 + 2H_2O to underset("white ppt.")(Al (OH)_3 + NaOH)`
These white precipitates on heating gives alumina.
`2Al (OH)_3 overset("Heat")to Al_2O_3 + 3H_2O`
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