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State and explain the law of multiple pr...

State and explain the law of multiple proportions.

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Law of multiple proportions states that, if two elements can combine to form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element, are in the ratio of simple whole numbers. For example, hydrogen combines with oxygen to form two compounds
`underset(2g)("Hydrogen") + underset(16g)("oxygen") rarr underset(18g)("Water")`
`underset(2g)("Hydrogen") + underset(32g)("Oxygen") rarr underset(34g)("Hydrogen perioxide")`
Here, oxygen combines with a fixed mass of hydrogen (2g) having a simple whole number ratio, i.e., `16:32 or 1:2`.
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