State and explain the law of reciprocal proportions or law of equivalent proportions.

Explanation

This law was put forwarded by Richter. According to this law, when two different elements combine separately with the same weight of a third element, the ratio in which they do so will be the same or some simple multiple of the ratio in which they combine with each other.
For example, three elements S, H and O combines as follows

S and O combine with same weight of H and the ratio in which they do so is `32:16`, i.e., `2:1` which is simple multiple of the ratio in which they combine with each other, i.e., `32:32 or1:1`. Hence, law of reciprocal proportional was verified.