Give the general characteristics of equilibria involving physical processes ?

Explanation

The general characteristics of equilibria are given below :
(i) Equilibrium is possible only in a closed system at a given temperature.
(ii) Both the forward and backward processes occur at the same rate. There is a dynamic equilibrium.
(iii) All measurable properties such as pressure, temperature etc, of the system remain constant.
(iv) The magnitude of physical quantities at any stage indicates the extent to which the reaction has proceeded before reaching equilibrium.
(v) When equilibrum is attained for a physical process, it is characterised by constant value of one of its parameters at a given temperature.