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The domain of definition of log4 log5...

The domain of definition of
` log_4 log_5 log_3 (18 x -x^2 - 77)` is given by

A

`(3,5)`

B

` (7,11)`

C

` (8,10)`

D

None of these

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To find the domain of the function \( \log_4 \log_5 \log_3 (18x - x^2 - 77) \), we need to ensure that all logarithmic expressions are defined and positive. ### Step-by-step Solution: 1. **Identify the innermost logarithm**: We start with the innermost function, which is \( \log_3 (18x - x^2 - 77) \). For this logarithm to be defined, the argument must be greater than 0: \[ 18x - x^2 - 77 > 0 \] 2. **Rearrange the inequality**: Rearranging gives us: \[ -x^2 + 18x - 77 > 0 \] or equivalently, \[ x^2 - 18x + 77 < 0 \] 3. **Find the roots of the quadratic**: We can find the roots of the quadratic equation \( x^2 - 18x + 77 = 0 \) using the quadratic formula: \[ x = \frac{-b \pm \sqrt{b^2 - 4ac}}{2a} = \frac{18 \pm \sqrt{18^2 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot 77}}{2 \cdot 1} \] \[ = \frac{18 \pm \sqrt{324 - 308}}{2} = \frac{18 \pm \sqrt{16}}{2} = \frac{18 \pm 4}{2} \] This gives us the roots: \[ x = \frac{22}{2} = 11 \quad \text{and} \quad x = \frac{14}{2} = 7 \] 4. **Determine the intervals**: The quadratic \( x^2 - 18x + 77 \) opens upwards (since the coefficient of \( x^2 \) is positive), so it will be negative between the roots: \[ 7 < x < 11 \] 5. **Check the next logarithm**: Now we need to consider the next logarithm, \( \log_5 \log_3 (18x - x^2 - 77) \). For this to be defined, we need: \[ \log_3 (18x - x^2 - 77) > 0 \] This implies: \[ 18x - x^2 - 77 > 1 \quad \Rightarrow \quad 18x - x^2 > 78 \] Rearranging gives: \[ -x^2 + 18x - 78 > 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x^2 - 18x + 78 < 0 \] 6. **Find the roots of the new quadratic**: Using the quadratic formula again: \[ x = \frac{18 \pm \sqrt{18^2 - 4 \cdot 1 \cdot 78}}{2 \cdot 1} = \frac{18 \pm \sqrt{324 - 312}}{2} = \frac{18 \pm \sqrt{12}}{2} \] \[ = \frac{18 \pm 2\sqrt{3}}{2} = 9 \pm \sqrt{3} \] 7. **Determine the intervals**: The quadratic \( x^2 - 18x + 78 \) also opens upwards, so it will be negative between the roots: \[ 9 - \sqrt{3} < x < 9 + \sqrt{3} \] 8. **Combine the intervals**: The domain of the function is the intersection of the two intervals: - From step 4: \( 7 < x < 11 \) - From step 7: \( 9 - \sqrt{3} < x < 9 + \sqrt{3} \) The approximate values are: - \( 9 - \sqrt{3} \approx 7.268 \) - \( 9 + \sqrt{3} \approx 10.732 \) Therefore, the intersection is: \[ 9 - \sqrt{3} < x < 11 \] ### Final Domain: The domain of the function is: \[ (9 - \sqrt{3}, 11) \]
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