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How do biotic and abiotic factors affect...

How do biotic and abiotic factors affect crop production ?

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Various biotic factors like insects, pests, damages crops thereby reduces crop production. Some nematodes help in increasing soil fertility thus increase crop production.
Optimum level of various abiotic factors is necessary for good crop yield. Some of the factors like drought, salinity, water logging, heat, cold, frost etc are the factors that determine crop production.
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