What is irrigation. Describe two methods of irrigation which conserve water.

Explanation

The supply of water to crops at different intervals is called irrigation When crops are irrigated, nutrients dissolved in water gets transported to each part of the plants.
(a) Traditional methods of irrigation :
(i) By moat (pulley system), (ii) By chain pump, (iii) by Dhekli (lever system) and (iv) Rahat
(b) Latest methods of irrigation: (i) Sprinkler system, (ii) Drip system The two methods of irrigation in which water is conserved are the sprinkler system and the drip system.
(i) Sprinkler system : This system is used on the uneven lands where water is available in smaller quantity. In this system, perpendicular pipes having rotating nozzles on the top are joined to the main pipe with the help of a Pump, it escapes from the rotating nozzles. It is sprinkled on the crops as if it is raining. It is very useful for the sandy soil.
(ii) Drip system: In this system, the water falls drop by drop just at the position he roots. So, it is called drip system. It is the best technique of watering fruit plants, garden trees etc. This system consists of a main pipe to which lateral pipes are joined. The specially prepared nozzles are attached to these lateral pipes. The nozzles are grounded just near the roots of the plants. It provides water drop by drop to plants . Water is not wasted at all . So , it is a boon in regions where availability of water is poor .