Assertion : Many industries burn coal to heat their furnaces.
Reason : The burning of coal produces smoke which causes air pollution.

Options

A. If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
C. If assertion is true but reason is false.
D. If both assertion and reason are false.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Assertion**: The assertion states that many industries burn coal to heat their furnaces. This is true as coal is a common fuel used in various industries, especially in thermal power plants and manufacturing processes that require high temperatures.

*Hint*: Consider the role of coal in industrial processes and its properties that make it a suitable fuel.

2. **Understanding the Reason**: The reason provided is that the burning of coal produces smoke, which causes air pollution. This is also true; when coal is burned, it releases various pollutants, including smoke and particulate matter, contributing to air quality issues.

*Hint*: Think about the chemical reactions that occur when coal is burned and the byproducts that are released.

3. **Connecting Assertion and Reason**: The assertion and reason are related. The reason explains a consequence of the action stated in the assertion. Burning coal is a common practice in industries, and it indeed leads to the production of smoke, which is a significant environmental concern.

*Hint*: Reflect on how the effects of burning coal (smoke and pollution) relate back to its use in industries.

4. **Conclusion**: Both the assertion and reason are true. The reason correctly explains why the assertion is valid. Therefore, the assertion is supported by the reason.

*Hint*: Consider how assertions and reasons are often used in logical reasoning and whether they support each other.

**Final Answer**: Both the assertion and reason are true, and the reason correctly explains the assertion.

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