Name the process used to separate the components of petroleum.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Petroleum**: Petroleum is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, which includes various components such as petroleum gas, diesel, and lubricating oils. It is a dark liquid with a strong odor.

2. **Need for Separation**: To utilize the different components of petroleum effectively, it is essential to separate them from one another. This separation allows for the production of various fuels and products used in daily life.

3. **Process of Separation**: The process used to separate the components of petroleum is known as **fractional distillation**.

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