Which of the following effects cannot be produced by a force?

Options

A. changing the mass of an object
B. changing the shape of an object
C. changing the position of an object.
D. changing the direction of movement of an object

Explanation

To solve the question "Which of the following effects cannot be produced by a force?" we will analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Effects of Force**:
- A force can produce various effects on an object, such as changing its position, shape, or direction of movement. However, we need to identify which effect cannot be produced by a force.

2. **Analyzing Each Option**:
- **Option 1: Changing the mass of an object**:
- Mass is an intrinsic property of an object. It does not change regardless of the forces acting on it. Even if you break an object into smaller pieces, the total mass remains the same. Therefore, a force cannot change the mass of an object.

- **Option 2: Changing the shape of an object**:
- A force can change the shape of an object. For example, when you apply pressure to clay, it can be molded into different shapes. Thus, this effect can be produced by a force.

- **Option 3: Changing the position of an object**:
- A force can change the position of an object. For instance, if you push a box, it moves from one position to another. Therefore, this effect can also be produced by a force.

- **Option 4: Changing the direction of movement of an object**:
- A force can change the direction of movement of an object. For example, if a ball is rolling and you kick it, the ball changes direction. Hence, this effect can also be produced by a force.

3. **Conclusion**:
- After analyzing all the options, we find that the only effect that cannot be produced by a force is **changing the mass of an object**. Therefore, the correct answer is **Option 1**.

### Final Answer:
The effect that cannot be produced by a force is **changing the mass of an object** (Option 1).

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