Define hybridisation. List main objectives of hybridisation.

Explanation

Hybridisation : The phenomenon of intermixing of atomic orbitals of slightly different energies, so as to give a new set of orbitals of equivalent energy and shape is called hybridisation.
salient features of hybridisation are as follows:
(i) the number of hybrid orbitals is equal to the number of the atomic orbitals that get hybridised.
(ii) the hybridised orbitals are always equivalent in energy and shape.
(iii) the hybrid orbitals form more stable bonds than the pure atomic orbitals.
(iv) the hybrid orbitals are directed in particular directions. therfore, the type of hybridisation indicates the geometry of the molecules.