Write short note on hydrogenation of vegetable oils.

Explanation

On passing hydrogen gas through vegetable oils, oils change to solid fats. Solid fats are also known as vegetable ghee. Ground nut oil or cotton seed oil can be used for this process. Vegetable ghee is formed due to the conversion of unsaturated C=C double bond into the saturated C-C single bond. It occurs due to hydrogenation. This process occurs in the presence of catalyst like Ni or Pt at 473 K.
Vegetable oil + `H_2 underset(473K) overset(Ni)(to) `Solid fat (Vegetable ghee).