On heating Novalac with formaldehyde which of the following polymers will form

Options

A. urea formaldehyde
B. Melamine
C. Bakelite
D. styrene

Answer

To solve the question of what polymer forms when Novalac is heated with formaldehyde, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Components
- **Novalac** is a type of phenolic resin that is typically represented as a phenolic compound with hydroxymethyl groups. Its structure includes a phenolic ring and hydroxymethyl (-CH2OH) groups.
- **Formaldehyde** has the chemical formula CH2O and is a simple aldehyde.

### Step 2: Identify the Reaction
When Novalac is heated with formaldehyde, a condensation reaction occurs. The hydroxymethyl groups on the Novalac react with formaldehyde to form methylene bridges (-CH2-) between the phenolic rings.

### Step 3: Draw the Reaction Mechanism
1. The hydroxymethyl groups (-CH2OH) on the Novalac will react with formaldehyde (CH2O).
2. This reaction leads to the formation of methylene (-CH2-) linkages between the phenolic units.
3. As a result, the structure becomes cross-linked, leading to a three-dimensional network polymer.

### Step 4: Identify the Polymer Formed
The polymer formed from the reaction of Novalac with formaldehyde is known as **Bakelite**. Bakelite is a type of thermosetting plastic that is produced by the polymerization of phenolic resins in the presence of formaldehyde.

### Conclusion
The correct answer to the question is that heating Novalac with formaldehyde results in the formation of **Bakelite**.

### Final Answer
**Option 3: Bakelite**

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