Describe the Primary structure of T.S of Monocot stem .

Explanation

(i) Epidermis:
Outer most layer of monocot stem.
Made up of single layer and tightly packed parenchyma cells.
Outer wall is covered by thick cuticle.
Few stomata are seen in epidermis.
Multicellular hairs are absent.
(ii) Hypodermis: The layer below the epidermis is called hypodermis.
Hypodermis is made up of sclerenchymatous cells.
It is interrupted by chlorenchyma.
Sclerenchyma provides mechanical support to plant.

(iii) Ground tissue:
There is no distinction of cortex, endodermis, pericycle and pith.
Inner to hypodermis parenchyma cell forms the ground tissue.
(iv) Vascular bundles:
Vascular bundles are scattered in the ground tissue. Each vascular bundle are surrounded by bundle sheath by sclerenchymatous tissue.
Vascular bundles are conjoint, collateral, endarch and closed.
Xylem contains meta xylem and protoxylem.
In mature Vascular bundle the lowest protoxylem disintegrates and form a cavity called protoxylem lacuna.
Phloem contains seive tubes and companion cells.
(v) Pith: It is not differentiated in monocot stem.