Give an account on respiration types of bacteria.

Explanation

Two types of respiration is found in Bacteria. They are: (i) Aerobic respiration, (ii) Anaerobic respiration.
(i) Aerobic respiration: These bacteria require oxygen as terminal acceptor and will not grow under anaerobic conditions (i.e. in the absence of `O_(2)`) eg. Streptococcus.
Obligate aerobes: Some Micrococcus species are obligate aerobes (i.e. they must have oxygen to survive).
(ii) Anaerobic respiration: These bacteria do not use oxygen for growth and metabolism but obtain their energy from fermentation reactions. eg. Clostridium.
Facultative anaerobes: There are bacteria that can grow either using oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor or anaerobically using fermentation reaction to obtain energy. When a facultative anaerobe such as E. coli is present at a site of infection like an abdominal abscess, it can rapidly consume all available `O_(2)` and change to anaerobic metabolism producing an anaerobic environment and thus allow the anaerobic bacteria that are present to grow and cause disease. eg. Escherichia coli and Salmonella.
Capnophilic Bacteria: Bacteria which require `CO_(2)` for their growth are called as capnophilic bacteria. eg. Campylobacter.