Write short notes on concept of species

Explanation

Species is the fundamental unit of taxonomic classification Greek philosopher Plato proposed concept of "eidos" or species and believed that all objects are shadows of  the "eidos". According to Stebbins(1997) species is the basic unit of evolutionary process. Species is a group of individual organisms which have the following characters.
(i)A population of organisms which closely resemble each other more than the other organisms, they interbreed freely in nature, producing fertile population.
(ii) They descend from a common ancestor.
(iii) in sexually reproducing organisms, they interbreed freely in nature producing fertile offspring.
(iv) in asexually reproducing organisms, they are identified by their morphological resemblance.
(v) In case of fossil organisms, they are identified by the morphological and anatomical resemblance. Species concepts can be classified into two general groups. Concept emphasizing process of evolution that maintains the species as a unit and that can result in evolutionary divergence and speciation. Another concept emphasises the product of evolution in defining a species.