State the protoplasm theory.

Explanation

(i) Cort first observed protoplasm. Felix Dujardin (1835) observed a living juice in animal . cell and called it “Sarcode". Purkinje (1839) coined the term protoplasm for sap inside a plant cell. Hugo Van Mohl (1846) indicated importance of protoplasm.
(ii) Max Schultze (1861) established similarity between Protoplasm and Sarcode and proposed a theory which later on called "Protoplasm Theory" by O. Hertwig (1892). Huxley(1868) proposed Protoplasm as a "physical basis of life".
Protoplasm as a Colloidal System: Protoplasm is a complex colloidal system which was suggested by Fisher in 1894 and Hardy in 1899. It is primarily made of water contents and various other solutes of biological importance such as glucose, fatty minerals, vitamins, hormones and enzymes.