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Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors...

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) are used to treat high blood pressure. Using a flow chart, explain why these drugs are helpful in treating hypertension.

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Ramu was 15 vears old when he went to a doctor to check his blood pressure. His pressure was around 158/98mmHg. The doctor advised him to measure his blood pressure at home for two weeks. He came to the doctor saying his average blood pressure was around 160/100mmHg. Doctor concludes that Ramu has high blood pressure or hypertension. If not controlled, hypertension can lead to heart failure, stroke and kidney failure. He returned to the doctor after two months after taking the drug, ACH inhibitor. This chemical blocks the production of angiotensin II, a powerful vasoconstrictor, so his blood pressure returned back to normal. 1. Why are people with high blood pressure at greater risk for having a hemorrhagic stroke? 2. Without medication Ramu's blood pressure was around 160/100mmHg after two weeks. Why this pressure was referred to as hypertension by the doctor. 3. Blocking the action of vasoconstrictor lower the blood pressure? Give reasons. 4. What is the role of ACH inhibitor in reducing blood pressure? 5. What conditions one might expect if the blood pressure is not controlled?

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Which of the following statements regarding the disease typhoid is/are correct ? (i) Salmonella typhi are the pathogenic bacteria which enter human intestine through contaminated food and water migrate to other organs through blood. (ii) Sustained high fever (39^(@)C " to " 40^(@)C) , weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache and loss of appetite are some common symptons of typhoid. (iii) Widal test is used for diagnosis of typhoid fever. (iv) The patient of this disease is not required to be treated with antibiotics.