Give three hypotheses fur explaining why tropics show greatest levels of species richness.

Give the term of a series of trophic levels showing repeated eating.

Consider the following statements each with one or two blanks: An area with high level of species richness is known as………….. .

In a food chain, a trophic represent a functional level,, not a species. Explain.

"In a food-chain a trophic level represents a functional level, not a species. Explain."

If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last species would be.

Explain the process of secondary treatment given to the primary effluent upto the point it shows significant change in level of its BOD.

Why do the food habits of first and third tropic levels differ?

Explain why beehives are set up on the farms for some of our crop species. Name any two such crop species.