Mendel's law of independent assortment holds good for genes situated on the

Options

A. non-homologous chromosomes.
B. homologous chromosomes.
C. extra nuclear genetic element.
D. same chromosome.

Answer

B

Explanation

Mendel.s Law of independent assortment holds good for genes situated on the non-homologous chromosome. According to law of independent assortment when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently of one another during gamete production, giving different characters an equal opportunity of occurring together. It can be illustrated by the dihybrid cross (a cross between two truebreeding parents) that express different traits for two characteristics. When the genes are on separate chromosome, the two alleles of one gene (A and a) will segregate into gametes independently of the two alleles of the other gene (B and b). Equal numbers of four different gametes will form AB, aB, Ab, ab. But if the two genes are on the same chromosome, then they will be linked and will segregate together during meiosis, producing only two kinds of gametes. Homologous chromosomes are essentially similar in size but not identical. Each carries the same genetic information in same order but the alleles for each trait may not be the same. Extra nuclear genetic elements (also called as plasmids) shows the pattern of maternal inheritance.

Homologous chromosomes are essentially similar in size but not identical. Each carries the same genetic information in same order but the alleles for each trait may not be the same. Extra nuclear genetic elements (also called as plasmids) shows the pattern of maternal inheritance.