The RNA polymerase holoenzyme transcribes

Options

A. the promoter, structural gene and the terminator region.
B. the promoter and the terminator gene.
C. the structural gene and the terminator regions.
D. the structural gene only.

Explanation

To solve the question "The RNA polymerase holoenzyme transcribes," we need to analyze the options provided and understand the role of RNA polymerase in the transcription process.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding RNA Polymerase Holoenzyme**:
- RNA polymerase is an enzyme responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template during the process of transcription. The holoenzyme refers to the complete form of RNA polymerase, which includes the core enzyme and additional factors (like the sigma factor) that assist in the initiation of transcription.

2. **Identifying the Transcription Process**:
- Transcription involves three main stages: initiation, elongation, and termination. During these stages, RNA polymerase binds to specific regions of the DNA.

3. **Role of Sigma Factor**:
- The sigma factor is crucial for the initiation phase as it helps RNA polymerase recognize the promoter region of the DNA. The promoter is a specific sequence that signals where transcription should begin.

4. **Transcription of Different Regions**:
- The RNA polymerase holoenzyme transcribes:
- **Structural Genes**: These are segments of DNA that code for proteins.
- **Terminator Region**: This is the sequence that signals the end of transcription.

5. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option A**: Promoter, structural gene, and terminator region - Incorrect, as the promoter is not transcribed.
- **Option B**: Promoter or terminator region - Incorrect, as the promoter is not transcribed.
- **Option C**: Structural gene and terminator region - Correct, as these are the regions that RNA polymerase transcribes.
- **Option D**: Structural gene only - Incorrect, as it does not include the terminator region.

6. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer is **Option C: Structural gene and terminator region**. RNA polymerase transcribes both the structural genes and the terminator region during the transcription process.