Kinetic energy of electrons emitted in photoelectric effect is

Options

A. directly proportional to the intensity of incident light.
B. inversely proportional to the intensity of incident line
C. independent of the intensity of incident light.
D. independent of the frequency of light

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the kinetic energy of electrons emitted in the photoelectric effect, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Photoelectric Effect**:
- The photoelectric effect occurs when light (photons) strikes a material and causes the emission of electrons.

2. **Energy of the Photon**:
- The energy of a photon can be expressed using the formula:
\[ E = h \nu \]
where \( E \) is the energy of the photon, \( h \) is Planck's constant, and \( \nu \) (nu) is the frequency of the incident light.

3. **Work Function**:
- The work function (\( \phi \)) is the minimum energy required to remove an electron from the surface of the material.

4. **Kinetic Energy of Emitted Electrons**:
- According to the photoelectric effect, the kinetic energy (KE) of the emitted electrons can be expressed as:
\[ KE = E - \phi \]
Substituting the expression for the energy of the photon, we get:
\[ KE = h \nu - \phi \]

5. **Dependence on Frequency**:
- From the equation \( KE = h \nu - \phi \), we can see that the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons is directly proportional to the frequency of the incident light (\( \nu \)). This means that as the frequency increases, the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons also increases.

6. **Independence from Intensity**:
- The intensity of the incident light affects the number of photons striking the surface but does not affect the energy of each individual photon. Therefore, the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons is independent of the intensity of the incident light.

### Conclusion:
The kinetic energy of the emitted electrons in the photoelectric effect is dependent on the frequency of the incident light and is independent of the intensity of the light.

### Final Answer:
The kinetic energy of electrons emitted in the photoelectric effect is proportional to the frequency of the incident light and independent of the intensity.

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