The growing size of the human population is a cause of concern for all people. The rate of birth and death in a given population will determine its size. Reproduction is the process by which organisms increase their population. The process of sexual maturation for reproduction is gradual and takes place while general body growth is still going on. Some degree of sexual maturation does not necessarily mean that the mind or body is ready for sexual acts or for having and bringing up children. Various contraceptive devices are being used by human beings to control the size of population.
What should be maintained for a healthy society?

Options

A. rate of birth & death rate
B. male & female sex ratio
C. child sex ratio
D. None of these

Explanation

To maintain a healthy society, it is essential to focus on several key factors that influence population dynamics and social stability. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Understand Population Dynamics
The size of a population is determined by the rates of birth and death. A balanced birth and death rate is crucial for maintaining a stable population size.

**Hint:** Consider how birth and death rates impact the overall population health.

### Step 2: Recognize the Importance of Reproduction
Reproduction is the biological process through which organisms increase their population. It is essential to understand that while sexual maturation occurs, it does not necessarily mean individuals are ready for reproduction or parenting.

**Hint:** Reflect on the difference between biological readiness and emotional or social readiness for reproduction.

### Step 3: Acknowledge the Role of Contraception
Contraceptive devices are important tools used by individuals to control the size of the population. They help in managing birth rates effectively.

**Hint:** Think about how family planning can influence societal health and resources.

### Step 4: Analyze the Male-Female Sex Ratio
Maintaining a balanced male and female sex ratio is vital for a healthy society. An imbalance can lead to various social issues, including female scarcity and increased reproductive competition.

**Hint:** Consider the social implications of having more males than females in a population.

### Step 5: Understand the Impact on Future Generations
A healthy male-female sex ratio is crucial for future population growth. Females are necessary for childbirth, and a shortage can lead to a decline in population.

**Hint:** Think about how the current demographic balance affects future societal structures.

### Step 6: Consider Cultural Implications
The male-female sex ratio also plays a role in maintaining cultural practices and family structures. A balanced ratio facilitates cultural exchange and family integration.

**Hint:** Reflect on how marriage practices and cultural traditions are influenced by gender ratios.

### Conclusion
To maintain a healthy society, it is essential to focus on the male and female sex ratio. This balance is critical for social stability, future population growth, and cultural continuity.

**Final Answer:** The correct option is to maintain the male and female sex ratio for a healthy society.