Read the given passage and answer the questions.
The physical states of the reactants and products can be represented by using the symbols (s) for solids, (l) for liquids, (g) for gases and (aq) for aqueous solution along with their respective formulae. The word aqueous is written if the reactant or product is present as a solution in water. Precipitate can also be represented by using an arrow pointing downwards `(darr)` instead of using symbol (s).
In the same way, the gaseous state of an evolved gas can be represented by using an arrow pointing upward direction `(uarr)` instead of using symbol (g). The specific condition of the reaction like temperature, pressure, catalyst etc. is written above or below the arrow in the chemical equation.
Which of the following reaction is balanced?

Options

A. `NaCl +2H_(2)O to 2NaOH +2Cl_(2) +H_(2)`
B. `2NaCl +H_(2)O to 2NaOH +2Cl_(2) +H_(2)`
C. `2NaCl +2H_(2)O to 2NaOH +Cl_(2) +H_(2)`
D. `2NaCl +2H_(2)O to NaOH +Cl_(2) +H_(2)`

Explanation

To determine which of the given reactions is balanced, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the concept of a balanced chemical equation
A balanced chemical equation follows the law of conservation of mass, meaning the number of atoms of each element must be the same on both the reactant and product sides.

### Step 2: Analyze each reaction
We will examine each reaction provided in the options to check if the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides.

1. **First Reaction**:
- Reactants: 1 Sodium (Na)
- Products: 2 Sodium (Na)
- **Conclusion**: Not balanced (1 ≠ 2)

2. **Second Reaction**:
- Reactants: 2 Sodium (Na), 2 Chlorine (Cl)
- Products: 2 Sodium (Na), 4 Chlorine (Cl)
- **Conclusion**: Not balanced (2 ≠ 4)

3. **Third Reaction**:
- Reactants: 2 Sodium (Na), 2 Chlorine (Cl), 4 Hydrogen (H), 2 Oxygen (O)
- Products: 2 Sodium (Na), 2 Chlorine (Cl), 4 Hydrogen (H), 2 Oxygen (O)
- **Conclusion**: Balanced (2 = 2, 2 = 2, 4 = 4, 2 = 2)

4. **Fourth Reaction**:
- Reactants: 2 Sodium (Na)
- Products: 1 Sodium (Na)
- **Conclusion**: Not balanced (2 ≠ 1)

### Step 3: Identify the balanced reaction
From our analysis, the third reaction is the only one that has the same number of each type of atom on both sides of the equation.

### Final Answer:
The balanced reaction is the third one.

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