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Atoms of eight elements A, B, C, D, E, F...

Atoms of eight elements A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H have the same number of electronic shells but are different in their outermost shells. It was found that elements A and G combine to form an ionic compound which can also be extracted from sea water. Oxides of the elements A and B are basic in nature while those of E and F are acidic. The oxide of element D is almost neutral.
Which one of the eight elements would have the largest atomic radius?

A

B has largest atomic radius.

B

D has largest atomic radius.

C

A has largest atomic radius.

D

G has largest atomic radius

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To determine which of the eight elements (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H) has the largest atomic radius, we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Identify the Elements From the information given, we know that: - Elements A and G form an ionic compound that can be extracted from seawater. This suggests that A is a metal (likely sodium, Na) and G is a non-metal (likely chlorine, Cl), forming NaCl (table salt). ### Step 2: Determine the Oxides' Nature - The oxides of elements A (Na) and B are basic. - The oxides of elements E and F are acidic. - The oxide of element D is neutral. Given that: - Basic oxides are typically formed by metals. - Acidic oxides are formed by non-metals. - Neutral oxides can be formed by metalloids or specific non-metals. ### Step 3: Assign Elements Based on Periodic Trends Since all elements have the same number of electronic shells, they belong to the same period. For example, if A is Na (Group 1), then B could be Mg (Group 2), D could be Si (Group 14, neutral oxide), E could be P (Group 15), and F could be S (Group 16). The likely arrangement based on periodic properties is: - A: Na (Group 1) - B: Mg (Group 2) - C: Al (Group 13) - D: Si (Group 14, neutral oxide) - E: P (Group 15) - F: S (Group 16) - G: Cl (Group 17) - H: Ar (Group 18) ### Step 4: Analyze Atomic Radius Trends Atomic radius increases as you move down a group and decreases as you move from left to right across a period. This is due to the increase in nuclear charge, which pulls electrons closer to the nucleus, reducing the atomic radius. ### Step 5: Identify the Element with the Largest Atomic Radius Since A is Na (Group 1) and is located on the left side of the periodic table, it will have the largest atomic radius compared to the other elements in the same period (Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ar). ### Conclusion Thus, the element with the largest atomic radius among A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H is **A (Sodium, Na)**. ---
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