Electronic configuration of Zn,Cd and Hg is

Options

A. `(n-1)d^10ns^2`
B. `(n-1)d^9ns^2`
C. `(n-1)d^8ns^2`
D. `(n-1)d^8ns^2np^1`

Answer

To find the electronic configurations of Zinc (Zn), Cadmium (Cd), and Mercury (Hg), we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the atomic numbers
- **Zinc (Zn)** has an atomic number of 30.
- **Cadmium (Cd)** has an atomic number of 48.
- **Mercury (Hg)** has an atomic number of 80.

### Step 2: Write the electronic configuration
1. **Zinc (Zn)**:
- The electronic configuration can be derived from the atomic number.
- The configuration is:
\[ \text{Zn: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 3d^{10} 4s^2 \]
- This can also be simplified using the nearest noble gas (Argon, Ar):
\[ \text{Zn: } [Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^2 \]

2. **Cadmium (Cd)**:
- Following the same approach:
- The configuration is:
\[ \text{Cd: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 4d^{10} \]
- Simplified using the nearest noble gas (Krypton, Kr):
\[ \text{Cd: } [Kr] 4d^{10} 5s^2 \]

3. **Mercury (Hg)**:
- Continuing with the same method:
- The configuration is:
\[ \text{Hg: } 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^{10} 4p^6 4d^{10} 5s^2 4f^{14} \]
- Simplified using the nearest noble gas (Xenon, Xe):
\[ \text{Hg: } [Xe] 4f^{14} 5d^{10} 6s^2 \]

### Summary of Electronic Configurations:
- **Zinc (Zn)**: \([Ar] 3d^{10} 4s^2\)
- **Cadmium (Cd)**: \([Kr] 4d^{10} 5s^2\)
- **Mercury (Hg)**: \([Xe] 4f^{14} 5d^{10} 6s^2\)

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