Characteristic valence shall configuration of group-13 and 14 elements are respectively

Options

A. `ns^2np^1` and `ns^2np^2`
B. `ns^2np^2` and `ns^2np^3`
C. `ns^2np^3` and `ns^2np^4`
D. `ns^2np^4` and `ns^2np^6`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the characteristic valence shell electronic configuration of group 13 and 14 elements, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify Group 13 Elements:**
- The elements in group 13 of the periodic table are boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga), indium (In), and thallium (Tl).

2. **Determine the Valence Shell Configuration for Group 13:**
- The general electronic configuration for group 13 elements can be expressed as:
- \( nS^2 nP^1 \)
- This means there are 2 electrons in the s orbital and 1 electron in the p orbital of the outermost shell.

3. **Identify Group 14 Elements:**
- The elements in group 14 of the periodic table are carbon (C), silicon (Si), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb).

4. **Determine the Valence Shell Configuration for Group 14:**
- The general electronic configuration for group 14 elements can be expressed as:
- \( nS^2 nP^2 \)
- This indicates there are 2 electrons in the s orbital and 2 electrons in the p orbital of the outermost shell.

5. **Summarize the Findings:**
- For group 13, the characteristic valence shell configuration is \( nS^2 nP^1 \).
- For group 14, the characteristic valence shell configuration is \( nS^2 nP^2 \).

6. **Select the Correct Option:**
- Based on the configurations derived, the correct answer is:
- Option 1: \( nS^2 nP^1 \) for group 13 and \( nS^2 nP^2 \) for group 14.

### Final Answer:
The characteristic valence shell configurations of group 13 and 14 elements are respectively \( nS^2 nP^1 \) and \( nS^2 nP^2 \).

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