When aniline reacts with benzoyl chloride, the product obtained is

Options

A. acetanilide
B. benzanilide
C. phenyl amine
D. N- methyl benzamide

Answer

To determine the product formed when aniline reacts with benzoyl chloride, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
- **Aniline** is an aromatic amine with the formula C6H5NH2. It consists of a benzene ring (C6H5) attached to an amino group (NH2).
- **Benzoyl chloride** is an acyl chloride with the formula C6H5COCl. It consists of a benzene ring (C6H5) attached to a carbonyl group (C=O) and a chlorine atom (Cl).

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction Mechanism
- The nitrogen atom in aniline has a lone pair of electrons, which makes it nucleophilic. This means it can attack electrophiles.
- In this case, the carbonyl carbon in benzoyl chloride is electrophilic due to the presence of the electronegative chlorine atom.

### Step 3: Nucleophilic Attack
- The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom of aniline attacks the carbonyl carbon of benzoyl chloride. This forms a tetrahedral intermediate.
- The bond between the carbonyl carbon and the chlorine atom breaks, leading to the release of chloride ion (Cl⁻).

### Step 4: Formation of the Product
- The tetrahedral intermediate collapses, resulting in the formation of an amide bond (C=O) between the carbonyl carbon and the nitrogen atom of aniline.
- The product formed is **benzamide**, which has the structure C6H5CONH2.

### Step 5: Final Product
- The final product of the reaction between aniline and benzoyl chloride is **benzamide** (C6H5CONH2).

### Summary
When aniline reacts with benzoyl chloride, the product obtained is **benzamide**.

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