To answer the question regarding the classification of fibrous and globular proteins, we can break down the explanation into several steps:
### Step-by-Step Solution:
1. **Definition of Proteins**:
- Proteins are large biomolecules made up of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. They play crucial roles in the body, including structural, enzymatic, and regulatory functions.
2. **Classification of Proteins**:
- Proteins can be classified based on their structure and shape into two main categories: fibrous proteins and globular proteins.
3. **Fibrous Proteins**:
- **Structure**: Fibrous proteins have elongated, thread-like structures. They are typically insoluble in water and have a structural role.
- **Examples**: Common examples include collagen (found in connective tissues), keratin (found in hair and nails), and silk fibroin (found in silk).
- **Function**: Their primary function is to provide support, strength, and protection to cells and tissues.
4. **Globular Proteins**:
- **Structure**: Globular proteins have a more compact, spherical shape. They are generally soluble in water and have a functional role.
- **Examples**: Examples include enzymes (like amylase), antibodies, and hemoglobin (which carries oxygen in the blood).
- **Function**: They are involved in various biochemical processes, including catalysis, transport, and immune response.
5. **Basis of Classification**:
- The classification of proteins into fibrous and globular types is primarily based on their **shape** (elongated vs. spherical) and **solubility** (insoluble vs. soluble in water).
- Additionally, their **function** and **role in biological systems** also contribute to this classification.
### Summary:
Fibrous proteins are elongated and insoluble, serving structural roles, while globular proteins are spherical and soluble, performing various functional roles in biological processes.
