Which of the following colligative property can be determined at room temperature:

Options

A. Elevation in boiling point
B. depression in freezing point
C. osmotic pressure
D. all of these

Explanation

To solve the question regarding which colligative property can be determined at room temperature, let's analyze the options step by step.

### Step 1: Understand Colligative Properties
Colligative properties depend on the number of solute particles in a solution rather than the identity of the solute. The main colligative properties include:
1. Vapor Pressure Lowering
2. Boiling Point Elevation
3. Freezing Point Depression
4. Osmotic Pressure

### Step 2: Analyze Each Property
- **Vapor Pressure Lowering**: This property can be measured at room temperature. It refers to the decrease in vapor pressure of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is added.

- **Boiling Point Elevation**: This property requires heating the solution to determine the boiling point. Since it involves the boiling point of the solution, it cannot be accurately determined at room temperature.

- **Freezing Point Depression**: Similar to boiling point elevation, this property involves lowering the freezing point of a solvent and typically requires lower temperatures than room temperature to measure accurately.

- **Osmotic Pressure**: This property can be calculated using the formula \( \pi = iCRT \), where \( \pi \) is the osmotic pressure, \( i \) is the van 't Hoff factor (number of particles the solute dissociates into), \( C \) is the concentration of the solution, \( R \) is the gas constant, and \( T \) is the temperature in Kelvin. Osmotic pressure can be measured at room temperature.

### Step 3: Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- The colligative property that can be determined at room temperature is **Osmotic Pressure**.

### Final Answer
The colligative property that can be determined at room temperature is **Osmotic Pressure**.

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