When two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, some short plants appear in the offsprings. The appearance of these short plants illustrates

Options

A. segregation
B. intermediate inheritance
C. crossing over
D. codominant inheritance

Answer

To solve the question regarding the appearance of short plants when two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Genotypes of the Parents**:
- When two heterozygous tall plants are crossed, their genotypes can be represented as Tt x Tt, where 'T' represents the tall allele and 't' represents the short allele.

2. **Determine the Possible Gametes**:
- Each parent can produce two types of gametes: T (tall) and t (short). Therefore, the possible combinations of gametes from the two parents are:
- T from the first parent and T from the second parent (TT)
- T from the first parent and t from the second parent (Tt)
- t from the first parent and T from the second parent (Tt)
- t from the first parent and t from the second parent (tt)

3. **Construct a Punnett Square**:
- Create a Punnett square to visualize the potential offspring:
```
T | t
-----------------
T | TT | Tt
-----------------
t | Tt | tt
```
- From the Punnett square, we can see the possible genotypes of the offspring:
- 1 TT (tall)
- 2 Tt (tall)
- 1 tt (short)

4. **Analyze the Offspring Ratios**:
- The ratio of the offspring is 3 tall (TT and Tt) to 1 short (tt). This indicates that while the majority of the offspring are tall, there is a presence of short plants due to the homozygous recessive genotype (tt).

5. **Conclusion**:
- The appearance of short plants (tt) among the offspring illustrates the principle of segregation, where alleles segregate during gamete formation. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the appearance of short plants illustrates **segregation**.

### Final Answer:
The appearance of short plants illustrates **segregation**.

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