In which state of matter the magnitude of H-bonding is minimum ?

Options

A. Solid
B. Liquid
C. Gas
D. All of the above

Answer

To solve the question "In which state of matter the magnitude of H-bonding is minimum?", we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand Hydrogen Bonding
Hydrogen bonding is a type of intermolecular force that occurs when hydrogen is bonded to highly electronegative atoms like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. It plays a significant role in determining the physical properties of substances.

**Hint:** Recall that hydrogen bonding is stronger in certain states of matter due to the proximity of molecules.

### Step 2: Analyze the States of Matter
There are three primary states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas. The behavior of hydrogen bonding varies in each state:
- **Solid State:** Molecules are closely packed, allowing for maximum hydrogen bonding interactions.
- **Liquid State:** Molecules are still close, but they can move around, resulting in a moderate level of hydrogen bonding.
- **Gaseous State:** Molecules are far apart and move freely, leading to minimal hydrogen bonding.

**Hint:** Consider how molecular proximity affects the strength of intermolecular forces.

### Step 3: Compare the Magnitude of Hydrogen Bonding
From the analysis:
- The maximum magnitude of hydrogen bonding occurs in the solid state due to close molecular interactions.
- The magnitude decreases in the liquid state as molecules have more freedom to move.
- The minimum magnitude of hydrogen bonding occurs in the gaseous state, where molecules are far apart.

**Hint:** Think about how the arrangement and movement of molecules in each state influence hydrogen bonding.

### Step 4: Conclusion
Based on the above analysis, the state of matter in which the magnitude of hydrogen bonding is minimum is the **gaseous state**.

**Final Answer:** The correct answer is the gaseous state.