Methane : `sp^3` : : ethene :?

Options

A. sp
B. `sp_2`
C. `sp_3`
D. None of these

Answer

To determine the hybridization of ethene based on the provided information about methane, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Structure of Ethene
Ethene (C₂H₄) is a simple hydrocarbon with a double bond between the two carbon atoms. The structural formula can be represented as:
```
H H
\ /
C=C
/ \
H H
```
In this structure, each carbon atom is bonded to two hydrogen atoms and is involved in a double bond with the other carbon atom.

### Step 2: Count the Sigma Bonds
In ethene, each carbon atom forms:
- 2 sigma bonds with hydrogen atoms (one for each H)
- 1 sigma bond with the other carbon atom

Thus, each carbon atom in ethene forms a total of 3 sigma bonds.

### Step 3: Determine the Hybridization
The hybridization can be determined using the formula:
- Hybridization = Number of sigma bonds + Number of lone pairs

For each carbon atom in ethene:
- Number of sigma bonds = 3 (2 with H and 1 with C)
- Number of lone pairs = 0

So, the hybridization for each carbon atom in ethene is:
- Hybridization = 3 + 0 = 3

### Step 4: Identify the Type of Hybridization
The hybridization of 3 corresponds to `sp²` hybridization. This is because:
- 1 s orbital and 2 p orbitals combine to form 3 equivalent `sp²` hybrid orbitals.

### Conclusion
Thus, the hybridization of ethene is `sp²`.

### Final Answer
Methane : `sp³` : : Ethene : `sp²`

---