Which of the following reaction(s) is/are correct regarding the preparation of ketone?

Options

A. Treatment of acyl with dialkyl cadmium prepared by the reaction of cadmium chloride with Grignard reagent, gives ketones
B. When benzene or substituted benzene is treated with acid chloride in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride , it gives the corresponding ketone, This reaction is known as Friedel-Craft acylation reaction
C. Treating a nitrile with Grignard reagent followed by hydrolysis yields a ketone
D. All of the above

Answer

To determine which reactions correctly prepare ketones, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **First Reaction: Treatment of acyl with dialkyl cadmium**
- **Process**: Dialkyl cadmium is prepared by reacting cadmium chloride with Grignard reagent (RMGX).
- **Reaction**:
- RMGX + CdCl2 → R2Cd + MgXCl
- Then, R2Cd reacts with acyl chloride (R'COCl).
- R2Cd + R'COCl → R'CO-R + CdCl2
- **Outcome**: This reaction produces a ketone (R'CO-R), confirming that this method is valid for ketone preparation.

2. **Second Reaction: Benzene or substituted benzene treated with acid chloride in presence of AlCl3**
- **Process**: This is known as Friedel-Crafts acylation.
- **Reaction**:
- Benzene (C6H6) reacts with acyl chloride (R'COCl) in the presence of aluminum chloride (AlCl3).
- C6H6 + R'COCl → C6H5C(=O)R' + HCl
- **Outcome**: The product is a ketone (C6H5C(=O)R'), confirming that this method is also valid for ketone preparation.

3. **Third Reaction: Treating a nitrile with Grignard reagent followed by hydrolysis**
- **Process**: A nitrile (R'CN) reacts with Grignard reagent (RMGX).
- **Reaction**:
- R'CN + RMGX → R'CR + MGXCN (formation of an amine salt)
- Upon hydrolysis (with H3O+), the nitrile is converted to a ketone.
- **Outcome**: The final product after hydrolysis is a ketone (R'CO-R), confirming that this method is also valid for ketone preparation.

### Conclusion:
All three reactions are valid methods for the preparation of ketones. Therefore, the correct answer is:
**All of these reactions are correct for the preparation of ketones.**