Name the process by which fertile land converted into desert

Options

A. Drought
B. Desertification
C. Both of these
D. None of these

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the process that transforms fertile land into desert. This is a significant environmental issue that affects agriculture and biodiversity.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The terms "fertile land" and "desert" are crucial. Fertile land is capable of supporting plant growth, while a desert is characterized by a lack of moisture and vegetation.

3. **Exploring the Options**: The options provided are drought, desertification, both, or none. We need to analyze these terms to find the correct answer.

4. **Defining Desertification**: Desertification is the process by which fertile land becomes increasingly arid and unproductive, often leading to the formation of deserts. It can result from various factors, including climate change and human activities.

5. **Considering Drought**: Drought refers to a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, which can contribute to desertification but is not the process itself. Drought can exacerbate the conditions that lead to desertification.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the definitions and understanding of the terms, the correct answer to the question is "desertification."

**Final Answer**: The process by which fertile land is converted into desert is called **desertification**.

---