The disease that occurs in human body due to the deficiency of Iodine is

Options

A. Goitre
B. Scurvy
C. Rickets
D. Polio

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Nutrient Deficiency**: The question asks about a disease caused by the deficiency of iodine. Iodine is an essential nutrient that plays a crucial role in the production of thyroid hormones.

2. **Understand the Role of Iodine**: Iodine is primarily required for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland produces hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development.

3. **Recognize the Disease**: The main disease associated with iodine deficiency is called "goiter." Goiter is characterized by the enlargement of the thyroid gland, which can lead to a visible swelling in the neck.

4. **Explain the Mechanism**: When there is a deficiency of iodine, the thyroid gland cannot produce enough hormones. This leads to an increase in the production of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland, which causes the thyroid gland to enlarge in an attempt to produce more hormones, resulting in goiter.

5. **Identify Populations at Risk**: Goiter is more prevalent in regions where iodine is deficient in the diet, such as mountainous areas where iodine-rich foods are less available.

6. **Eliminate Other Options**: The question may provide other diseases related to different nutrient deficiencies. For example:
- Scurvy is due to vitamin C deficiency.
- Rickets is due to vitamin D deficiency.
- Polio is caused by a viral infection, not a nutrient deficiency.
Thus, these options can be ruled out.

7. **Conclude the Answer**: The disease that occurs in the human body due to the deficiency of iodine is **goiter**.

---