The splitting of light into its component colors is called :

Options

A. refraction
B. spectrum
C. dispersion
D. diffraction

Explanation

To solve the question, "The splitting of light into its component colors is called:", we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Key Terms
We need to identify and understand the key terms provided in the options: Refraction, Spectrum, Dispersion, and Defraction.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Option
- **Refraction**: This is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. It does not involve splitting light into colors.
- **Spectrum**: This term refers to the range of colors produced when light is dispersed. However, it does not specifically refer to the process of splitting.
- **Dispersion**: This is the process by which white light is split into its component colors (like a rainbow) when it passes through a medium such as a prism.
- **Defraction**: This refers to the bending of light waves around obstacles and openings, which does not involve splitting light into colors.

### Step 3: Identify the Correct Answer
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **Dispersion**, as it specifically refers to the splitting of light into its component colors.

### Final Answer
The splitting of light into its component colors is called **Dispersion**.

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