Pasteurization of milk involves:

Options

A. Heating the milk for 45 seconds at 80°C
B. Hearing the milk at 72°C for 15 seconds
C. Heating the milk for 1 second at 100°C
D. Chilling the milk for 15 seconds

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understand Pasteurization**: Pasteurization is a process aimed at destroying harmful microorganisms in food and beverages, particularly in milk. This is crucial for ensuring the safety and extending the shelf life of milk.

2. **Identify the Purpose of Heating**: The primary goal of pasteurization is to heat the milk to a specific temperature for a set period to effectively kill pathogens without significantly affecting the taste or nutritional value of the milk.

3. **Know the Temperature and Time**: The standard method for pasteurizing milk involves heating it to 72 degrees Celsius (161 degrees Fahrenheit) for 15 seconds. This method is known as High-Temperature Short-Time (HTST) pasteurization.

4. **Evaluate the Options**: Given the options:
- Heating the milk for 45 seconds at 80 degrees Celsius
- Heating the milk at 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds
- Heating the milk for 1 second at 100 degrees Celsius
- Chilling the milk for 15 seconds

The correct option is the one that matches the standard pasteurization process.

5. **Select the Correct Answer**: The correct answer is the second option: heating the milk at 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds. This aligns with the pasteurization process described.

**Final Answer**: The pasteurization of milk involves heating the milk at 72 degrees Celsius for 15 seconds.

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