What are the main functions of the long cylindrical structure that has originated from the brain and runs through the vertebral column?

Explanation

The long cylindrical structure that originates from the brain and runs through the vertebral column is known as the spinal cord. Here are the main functions of the spinal cord:

1. **Control of Reflexes**: The spinal cord is responsible for controlling reflex actions that occur below the neck. Reflexes are automatic responses to stimuli, and the spinal cord facilitates these quick reactions without the need for direct involvement from the brain.

2. **Transmission of Sensory Impulses**: The spinal cord plays a crucial role in transmitting sensory impulses from the skin and muscles to the brain. This allows the brain to process sensory information, such as touch, pain, and temperature, enabling us to respond appropriately to our environment.

3. **Transmission of Motor Responses**: The spinal cord transmits motor signals from the brain to the muscles, particularly those in the trunk and limbs. This function is essential for voluntary movements, allowing us to perform actions such as walking, running, and other physical activities.

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