Complete the following analogy: (A) Replacement of halogen by hydroxyl group in arenes
(B) Reaction of benzene with HCl over heated cupric powder

Options

A. Dow's process :: Rasching process
B. Sandamayer's reaction :: Ulmann reaction
C. Wurtz reaction:: Ulmann reaction
D. Darzen's process :: Groove's process

Explanation

To complete the analogy between the two reactions, we will analyze each part step by step.

### Step 1: Understanding the First Part (A)
The first part of the analogy is about the replacement of a halogen by a hydroxyl group in arenes.

1. **Identify the starting compound**: The starting compound is a haloarene, specifically chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl).
2. **Reaction conditions**: The reaction is performed using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the presence of heat (high temperature, around 675°C) and under pressure (300 K).
3. **Reaction process**: The halogen (Cl) in chlorobenzene is replaced by a hydroxyl group (OH) to form phenol (C6H5OH).
4. **Final product**: The final product of this reaction is phenol.

This method is known as the **Dawes method**, which is an industrial method for the preparation of phenol.

### Step 2: Understanding the Second Part (B)
The second part of the analogy involves the reaction of benzene with HCl over heated cupric powder.

1. **Identify the starting compound**: The starting compound is benzene (C6H6).
2. **Reaction conditions**: The reaction is conducted in the presence of HCl and cupric chloride (CuCl2).
3. **Reaction process**: Benzene reacts with HCl in the presence of CuCl2 to form chlorobenzene (C6H5Cl).
4. **Further reaction**: Chlorobenzene can then be treated with steam (H2O) to convert it into phenol (C6H5OH).
5. **Final product**: The final product of this two-step reaction is also phenol.

This method is known as the **Rushing method**, which is another industrial method for the preparation of phenol.

### Conclusion
Both methods lead to the formation of phenol from different starting materials (haloarene and benzene) through distinct reaction pathways.

Thus, the complete analogy can be summarized as:
- (A) Replacement of halogen by hydroxyl group in arenes (Dawes method)
- (B) Reaction of benzene with HCl over heated cupric powder (Rushing method)