Which of the following analogies is correct:

Options

A. `HNO_3` : Oxidation state of N is +5 :: `NH_3`: hybridisation `sp^3`
B. `Xe[PtBr_6]` first compound of noble gas :Ne: high speed photography
C. `SO_2` oxidising in nature :: `O_3` :thermodynamically stable
D. P : monoclinic : : S : red sulphur

Explanation

To solve the question regarding which analogy is correct, we need to analyze the properties of the compounds mentioned in the video transcript. Let's break it down step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze HNO3
- **Identify the oxidation state of nitrogen in HNO3.**
- The formula for HNO3 is: H + N + 3O = 0
- Hydrogen (H) has an oxidation state of +1.
- Oxygen (O) has an oxidation state of -2.
- Let the oxidation state of nitrogen (N) be X.

The equation becomes:
\[ +1 + X + 3(-2) = 0 \]
Simplifying this gives:
\[ +1 + X - 6 = 0 \implies X - 5 = 0 \implies X = +5 \]
- **Conclusion:** The oxidation state of nitrogen in HNO3 is +5.

### Step 2: Analyze Ammonia (NH3)
- **Determine the hybridization of nitrogen in NH3.**
- The central atom is nitrogen, which has 5 valence electrons.
- There are 3 hydrogen atoms (monovalent), contributing 3 electrons.
- The steric number (SN) can be calculated as:
\[ \text{SN} = \text{Number of atoms bonded} + \text{Lone pairs} \]
In NH3, nitrogen is bonded to 3 hydrogen atoms and has 1 lone pair.
Thus:
\[ \text{SN} = 3 + 1 = 4 \]
- **Determine hybridization based on steric number:**
- A steric number of 4 corresponds to sp³ hybridization.

- **Conclusion:** The hybridization of nitrogen in NH3 is sp³.

### Step 3: Evaluate Other Statements
- **Check the statement regarding XePtBr6.**
- The first compound of noble gas is XePtF6, not XePtBr6. Therefore, this statement is incorrect.

- **Check the statement regarding SO2.**
- Sulfur in SO2 has an oxidation state of +4. It can act as both an oxidizing and reducing agent, but the statement that it is only oxidizing is incorrect.

- **Check the statement regarding ozone.**
- Ozone (O3) is thermodynamically unstable and decomposes to form O2, making this statement incorrect.

- **Check the statement regarding phosphorus.**
- Red phosphorus exists in a monoclinic structure, while the statement claims otherwise. This statement is also incorrect.

### Final Conclusion
- The only correct analogy is the first one regarding HNO3 and NH3, where the oxidation state of nitrogen in HNO3 is +5 and the hybridization of nitrogen in NH3 is sp³.

### Answer
The correct analogy is: **HNO3 has an oxidation state of nitrogen +5, and ammonia has a hybridization of sp³.**

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