Which of the following factors influence ascent of sap ?
(I) Root Pressure
(II) Diffusion
(III) Osmotic Pressure
(IV) Transpiration Pull
(V) Turgor pressure

Options

A. (I) ,(III) ,(IV),(V)
B. (I),(IV),(V)
C. (III) ,(IV),(V)
D. (I),(IV)

Explanation

To determine which factors influence the ascent of sap in plants, we will analyze each of the given options one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Ascent of Sap**:
The ascent of sap refers to the upward movement of water and dissolved minerals from the roots to the leaves of a plant. This process is crucial for plant health and growth.

2. **Analyzing Each Factor**:
- **(I) Root Pressure**:
Root pressure is the pressure exerted in the roots of plants that helps push water upwards. It is generated when water enters the roots through osmosis.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, root pressure influences the ascent of sap.

- **(II) Diffusion**:
Diffusion is the movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration (soil) to an area of lower concentration (roots). This process helps in the initial absorption of water by the roots.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, diffusion influences the ascent of sap.

- **(III) Osmotic Pressure**:
Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent the flow of water across a semipermeable membrane. While osmotic pressure helps in the absorption of water into the roots, its role in the actual ascent of sap is minimal compared to other factors.
- **Conclusion**: No, osmotic pressure does not significantly influence the ascent of sap.

- **(IV) Transpiration Pull**:
Transpiration pull is the negative pressure created in the leaves when water evaporates from the surface. This pull helps to draw more water up from the roots through the xylem.
- **Conclusion**: Yes, transpiration pull influences the ascent of sap.

- **(V) Turgor Pressure**:
Turgor pressure is the pressure exerted by the fluid inside the cell against the cell wall. While it is important for maintaining cell structure, it does not play a direct role in the ascent of sap.
- **Conclusion**: No, turgor pressure does not influence the ascent of sap.

3. **Final Evaluation**:
Based on the analysis:
- Factors that influence the ascent of sap: Root Pressure (I), Diffusion (II), and Transpiration Pull (IV).
- Factors that do not influence the ascent of sap: Osmotic Pressure (III) and Turgor Pressure (V).

### Answer:
The factors that influence the ascent of sap are:
- (I) Root Pressure
- (II) Diffusion
- (IV) Transpiration Pull